標準號：BS EN 623-5-2009
中文標準名稱：**工業陶瓷.單片陶瓷.一般和結構特性.第5部分:利用顯微圖像評估法測定相體積分數
英文標準名稱：Advanced technical ceramics - Monolithic ceramics - General and textural properties - Part 5: Determination of phase volume fraction by evaluation of micrographs
標準類型：Q32
發布日期：2009/8/31 12:00:00
實施日期：2009/8/31 12:00:00
中國標準分類號：Q32
國際標準分類號：81.060.30
引用標準：EN 1006;EN ISO/IEC 17025
適用范圍：This part of EN 623 specifies a manual method of making measurements for the determination of volume fraction ofmajor phases in advanced technical ceramics using micrographs of polished and etched sections, overlaying a squaregrid of lines, and counting the number of intersections lying over each phase.NOTE 1 This method assumes that the true phase volume fractions are equivalent to area fractions on a randomly cut crosssectionaccording to stereological principles.NOTE 2 Guidelines for polishing and etching of advanced technical ceramics can be found in Annexes A and B.The method applies to ceramics with one or more distinct secondary phases, such as found in Al2O3/ZrO2, Si/SiC,orAl2O3/SiCw.If the test material contains discrete pores, these can be treated as a secondary phase for the purpose of this methodprovided that there is no evidence of grain pluck-out during polishing being confused with genuine pores.NOTE 3 If the material contains more than about 20 % porosity there is a strong risk that the microstructure will be damagedduring the polishing process, and measurement of volume fraction of pores may become misleading.Secondary phase volume fractions or porosity present at levels of less than 0,05 are subject to considerable error andpotential scatter in results. A larger number of micrographs than the minimum of three is normally needed to improvethe consistency and accuracy of the results.NOTE 4 Many ceramics contain small amounts of secondary glassy phases. In order to make a reasonable estimate ofglassy phase content, the glass material between crystalline grains should be readily observable, and thus should be at least0,5 μm in width. The method in this European Standard is not considered appropriate for narrow glassy films around grains.This method assumes that the selected regions of a prepared cross-section are statistically representative of the wholesampled section.NOTE 5 Microstructures are seldom homogeneous, and the phase contents can vary from micrograph to micrograph. It isessential to survey a sufficiently wide area of the prepared section to ensure that those areas selected for evaluation arerepresentative, and do not contain eye-catching irregularities.Some users of this European Standard can wish to apply automatic or semiautomatic image analysis to micrographs ordirectly captured microstructural images. This is currently outside the scope of this European Standard, but someguidelines are given in Annex C.